<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dgisocio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Цифровая социология/Digital Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Digital Sociology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-347X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный университет управления</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26425/2658-347X-2022-5-3-4-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dgisocio-163</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЦИФРОВАЯ СОЦИОЛОГИЯ: НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIGITAL SOCIOLOGY: RESEARCH AREAS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Виртуализация приватности как элемент нового гендерного порядка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Privacy virtualisation as an element of the new gender order</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3379-1959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швецова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvetsova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Швецова Анастасия Владимировна, канд. социол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. Управления научных исследований</p><p>г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Shvetsova, Cand. Sci. (Soc.), Senior Researcher in the Office of Scientific Research</p><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shvetsovaav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный педагогический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Pedagogical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Швецова А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Швецова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shvetsova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://digitalsociology.guu.ru/jour/article/view/163">https://digitalsociology.guu.ru/jour/article/view/163</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проанализирован феномен виртуализации приватности, ставший трендом в цифровом мире. Рассматривая виртуальные практики общения в контексте глобальных трансформаций социальности, автор показал, что их влияние на систему гендерных отношений имеет прогрессирующий характер, форматы отличаются структурным и содержательным многообразием. Представлен обзор важнейших мировых исследований в области социологии виртуальности, общей чертой которых является озабоченность ученых подменой реальных межличностных отношений виртуальными, стирание границ между этими слоями жизни при нарастании социального одиночества. За методологическое основание принят гендерный подход и его частная концепция – теория смены гендерного порядка, в рамках которой правила и нормы, регламентирующие приватную сферу, осмысляются как вариативные, изменчивые и имеющие социально-культурную обусловленность. Предложена теоретическая модель механизма выбора виртуального партнера, подкрепленная результатами онлайн-опроса. Проанализированы особенности становления и развития виртуальных отношений, возможности перехода в реальную плоскость в зависимости от мотивации акторов и доверия виртуальному партнеру. Отмечены некоторые тенденции в развитии виртуальных приватных практик, среди которых – развитие искусственной социальности, контроль цифрового следа и общение с виртуальными агентами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>The article is analysed the privacy virtualisation phenomenon, which has become a trend in the digital world. Considering virtual communication practices in the context of global sociality transformations, the author shows that their impact on gender relations is progressive; the formats differ in structural and content diversity. The overview of the most important world studies in virtuality sociology is presented. They have in common is the concern of scholars about the substitution of real interpersonal relationships by virtual ones, the blurring of boundaries between these life layers with the social loneliness growth. The methodological basis is the gender approach and its private concept – the theory of changing the gender order, within which the rules and norms regulating the private sphere are conceptualized as variable, changeable and having socio-cultural conditioning. The author proposes a theoretical model of the mechanism for choosing a virtual partner, supported by the results of an online survey, analyses the features of the formation and development of virtual relations, the possibility of moving to the real plane, depending on the motivation of actors and trust in the virtual partner. Some trends in the development of virtual private practices are noted, including the development of artificial sociality, control of the digital footprint and communication with virtual agents.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Гендер</kwd><kwd>гендерный порядок</kwd><kwd>виртуальная реальность</kwd><kwd>виртуальный роман</kwd><kwd>интернет-аддикция</kwd><kwd>искусственная социальность</kwd><kwd>социальное одиночество</kwd><kwd>виртуальная идентичность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Gender</kwd><kwd>gender order</kwd><kwd>virtual reality</kwd><kwd>virtual novel</kwd><kwd>Internet addiction</kwd><kwd>artificial sociality</kwd><kwd>social loneliness</kwd><kwd>virtual identity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авербух Н. В. (2018). Субъективный метод изучения особенностей переживания феномена присутствия // Национальный психологический журнал. № 3 (31). С. 69–89. https://doi.org/10.11621/npj.2018.0307</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Averbukh N. V. (2018), “A subjective study of the presence experience phenomenon”, National Psychological Journal, no. 11 (3), pp. 69–89, https://doi.org/10.11621/npj.2018.0307</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ахмадеева Е. В. (2014). Виртуальное пространство как угроза психологической безопасности семьи // Вестник Башкирского университета. Т. 19, № 1. С. 242–247.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akhmadeeva E. V. (2014), “Virtual space as a threat to psychological safety of a family”, Vestnik Bashkirskogo universiteta, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 242–247.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бродовская Е. В., Домбровская А. Ю., Синяков А. В. (2016). Стратегии использования социальных сетей в современной России: результаты многомерного шкалирования // Мониторинг общественного мнения: экономические и социальные перемены. № 1 (131). С. 283–296. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2016.1.13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bleske-Rechek A., Remiker M. W. and Baker J. P. (2009), “Similar from the start: assortment in young adult dating couples and its link to relationship stability over time”, Individual Differences Research, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 142–158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Величковский Б. Б. (2016). Влияние обнаружения и коррекции ошибок на феномен присутствия в виртуальных средах // Вестник московского университета. Серия 14. Психология. № 3. С. 25–33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brodovskaya E. V., Dombrovskaya A. Yu. and Sinyakov A. V. (2016), “Social media strategies in modern Russia: results of multidimensional scaling”, Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes, no. 1, pp. 283–296, https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2016.1.13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Войскунский А. Е. (2016). Поведение в киберпространстве: психологические принципы // Человек. № 1. С. 36–49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chalmers D. J. (2017), “The virtual and the real”, Disputatio, vol. 9, no. 46, pp. 309–352, https://doi.org/10.1515/disp-2017-0009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галяутдинова С. И., Ахмадеева Е. В. (2013). Понимание супружеской измены пользователями интернет-пространства // Вестник Башкирского университета. Т. 18, № 3. С. 906–911.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirico A., Cipresso P., Yaden D. B., Biassoni F., Riva G. and Gaggioli A. (2017), “Effectiveness of immersive videos in inducing awe: an experimental study”, Scientific Reports, no. 7, article 1 218, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01242-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галяутдинова С. И., Ахмадеева Е. В. (2015). Отношение к виртуальному сексу среди пользователей Рунета // Advanced studies in science: theory and practice. London: Global Partnership on Development of Scientific Cooperation; Ron Bee and Associates Company. Pp. 119–127. (Англ. яз.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diemer J., Alpers G. W., Peperkorn H. M., Shiban Y. and Mühlberger A. (2015), “The impact of perception and presence on emotional reactions: a review of research in virtual reality”, Frontiers in Psychology, no. 26, article 6, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Егоров А. Ю. (2015). Современные представления об интернет-аддикциях и подходах к их коррекции // Медицинская психология в России: электрон. науч. журн. № 4 (33). C. 4–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doornwaard S. M, ter Bogt T. F., Reitz E. and van den Eijnden R. J. (2015), “Sex-related online behaviors, perceived peer norms and adolescents’ experience with sexual behavior: testing an integrative model”, PLoS One, no. 10 (6), article e0127787, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127787</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайцева О. В. (2019). Соматический код в секстинге // Политическая лингвистика. № 6 (78). С. 171–181. https://doi.org/10.26170/pl19-06-22</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egorov A. Yu. (2015), “Modern views on Internet addiction and approaches to its correction”, Meditsinskaya psikhologiya v Rossii, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 4–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зубарева С. С. (2011). «Любовь в сети»: средство избежать одиночества или возможность уйти от реальности (социально-философский анализ) // Материалы на XLIX международной научной студенческой конференции «Студент и научно-технический прогресс», Новосибирск, 16–20 апреля 2011 г. Новосибирск: Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет. С. 148–152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galyautdinova S. I. and Akhmadeeva E. V. (2013), “Understanding adultery among internet users”, Vestnik Bashkirskogo universiteta, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 906–911.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ильин В. И. и др. (2020). Двое в обществе: интимная пара в современном мире / под науч. ред. И. В. Ломакина. 640 c. М.: ВЦИОМ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galyautdinova S. I. and Akhmadeeva E. V. (2015), “Attitude towards virtual sex among Runet users”, Advanced studies in science: theory and practice. The Collection of Scholarly Papers, Global Partnership on Development of Scientific Cooperation; Ron Bee and Associates Company, London, UK, pp. 119–127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ледников Е. Е. (2010). Виртуальная реальность и философия // Эпистемология и философия науки. Т. 25. № 3. С. 239–241.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horujy S. (2019), “The posthuman and the virtual man in their modes of socialization”, Russian Studies in Philosophy, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 97–115, https://doi.org/10.1080/10611967.2019.1545993</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Летов Е. В. (2013). Сетевая идентичность в культуре современного информационного общества // Вестник Московского государственного университета культуры и искусств. № 4 (54). С. 62–65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilyin I. V. et al. (2020), Two in society: an intimate couple in the modern world, Ed. I. V. Lomakin, Russian Public Opinion Research Centre (VCIOM), Moscow, Russia. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Панкратова Л. С. (2018). В поисках близких отношений онлайн: риски виртуальных сексуальных и романтических коммуникаций // Материалы научной конференции «XII Ковалевские чтения “Солидарность и конфликты в современном обществе”, Санкт-Петербург, 15–17 ноября 2018 г. Отв. ред. Ю. В. Асочаков. Санкт-Петербург: Скифия-принт. С. 430.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koike M. and Loughnan S. (2021), “Virtual relationships: anthropomorphism in the digital age”, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, vol. 15, no. 6, article e12603, https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12603</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Панкратова Л. С. (2019). Романтические отношения современной российской молодежи в цифровую эпоху // Материалы Всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием «XIII Ковалевские чтения “Молодежь XXI века: образ будущего”. Санкт-Петербург, 14–16 ноября 2019 г. Отв. ред. Н. Г. Скворцов, Ю. В. Асочаков. Санкт-Петербург: Скифия-принт. С. 568–569.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lednikov E. E. (2010), “Virtual Reality and Philosophy”, Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 239–241.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прилукова Е. Г., Кошкарова Н. Н. (2017). Реальность нереального: мир как поток симулякров // Философия и наука. № 16. С. 155–162.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Letov E. V. (2013), “Network identity in culture of modern information society”, Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul’tury i iskusstv, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 62–65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Проект Ю. Л., Зибзибадзе М. Г. (2016). Пользователь как персонаж: нарративы виртуальных романтических отношений // Сборник научных статей и материалов международной конференции «Цифровое общество как культурно-исторический контекст развития человека», Коломна, 11–13 февраля 2016 г. Под ред. Р. В. Ершовой. Коломна: Государственный социально-гуманитарный университет. С. 342–346.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liong M. and Cheng G. (2019), ”Objectifying or liberating? Investigation of the effects of sexting on body image”, The Journal of Sex Research, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 337–344, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2018.1438576</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пузанова Ж. В. (2009). Социологическое исследование одиночества: проблема построения концептуальной модели // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология. № 2. С. 42–46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pankratova L. S. (2018), “In search of intimate relationships online: risks of virtual sexual and romantic communications”, Proceedings of the scientific conference “XII Kovalev Readings ‘Solidarity and Conflict in Contemporary Society’”, St. Petersburg, 15–17 November 2018, Ed. Y. V. Asochakov, Skiphiya-Print, St. Petersburg, Russia, pp. 430. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рогова Е. Е. (2009). Одиночество в условиях социальной трансформации современного общества (концептуальный анализ) // Теория и практика общественного развития. № 3–4. С. 68–76.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pankratova L. S. (2019), “Romantic relations of modern Russian youth in the digital age”, Proceedings of the All-Russian scientific conference with international participation “XIII Kovalev Readings ‘Youth of XXI century: an image of the future’”, St. Petersburg, 14–16 November 2019, Eds. N. G. Skvortsov and Y. V. Asochakov, Skiphiya-Print, St. Petersburg, Russia, pp. 568–569. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руденко А. М., Филимонова Е. А. (2008). «Виртуальные романы» как форма компенсации эмоциональной депривации современного человека // Социально-гуманитарные проблемы современности: сборник научных трудов. Шахты: Южно-Российский государственный университет экономики и сервиса. С. 70–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prilukova E. G. and Koshkarova N. N. (2017), “Reality of unreal: world as a stream of simulacra”, Filosofiya i nauka, no. 16, pp. 155–162. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щекотуров А. В. (2017). От флирта до смены пола онлайн: подростковые практики альтернативных самопрезентаций в социальной сети «ВКонтакте» // Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. № 6 (142). С. 327–343. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2017.6.17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proekt Yu. L. and Zibzibadze M. G. (2016), “User as a character: narratives of virtual romantic relationships”, Proceedings of the international conference “Digital society as a cultural and historical context of human development”, Kolomna, 11–13 February 2016, Ed. R. V. Ershova, State University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Kolomna, Russia, pp. 342–346. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bleske‐Rechek A., Remiker M. W., Baker J. P. (2009). Similar from the start: assortment in young adult dating couples and its link to relationship stability over time // Individual Differences Research. V. 7, no. 3. Pp. 142–158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Puzanova Zh. V. (2009), “Sociological study of loneliness: the problem of conceptual model development”, Bulletin of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia. Series: Sociology, no. 2, pp. 42–46. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chalmers D. J. (2017). The virtual and the real // Disputatio. V. 9, no. 46. Pp. 309–352. https://doi.org/10.1515/disp-2017-0009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rogova E. E. (2009), “Loneliness in the conditions of social transformation of a modern society (the conceptual analysis)”, Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya, no. 3–4, pp. 68–76.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chirico A., Cipresso P., Yaden D. B., Biassoni F., Riva G., Gaggioli A. (2017). Effectiveness of immersive videos in inducing awe: an experimental study // Scientific Reports. No. 7. Art. 1 218, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01242-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ross M. W. (2005), “Typing, doing, and being: Sexuality and the internet”, The Journal of Sex Research, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 342–352, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490509552290</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diemer J., Alpers G. W., Peperkorn H. M., Shiban Y., Mühlberger A. (2015). The impact of perception and presence on emotional reactions: a review of research in virtual reality // Frontiers in Psychology. No. 6. Art. 26. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudenko A. M. and Filimonova E. A. (2008), “’Virtual novels’” as a form of compensation for the emotional deprivation of a modern person”, Social and humanitarian problems of our time. Collection of scientific papers, South Russian State University of Economics and Service, Shakhty, Russia, pp. 70–72. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doornwaard S. M, ter Bogt T. F., Reitz E., van den Eijnden R. J. (2015). Sex-related online behaviors. Perceived peer norms and adolescents’ experience with sexual behavior: testing an integrative model // PLoS One. No. 10 (6). Art. e0127787. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127787</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchekoturov A. V. (2017), “From flirting to sex reassignment: adolescents’ alternative practices of self-presentation on VKontakte social media website”, The monitoring of public opinion: economic and social changes journal, no. 6 (142), pp. 327–343, https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2017.6.17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horujy S. (2019). The posthuman and the virtual man in their modes of socialization // Russian Studies in Philosophy, V. 57, no. 1. Pp. 97–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/10611967.2019.1545993</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skowron B. (2020), “Virtual objects: becoming real”, Horizon, no. 2, pp. 619–639, https://doi.org/10.21638/2226-5260-2020-9-2-619-639</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koike M., Loughnan S. (2021). Virtual relationships: anthropomorphism in the digital age // Social and Personality Psychology Compass. V. 15, no. 6. Art. e12603. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12603</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velichkovsky B. B. (2016), “Influence of error detection and correction on the phenomenon of presence in virtual environments”, Vestnik moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14. Psikhologiya, no. 3, pp. 25–33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liong M., Cheng G. (2019) Objectifying or liberating? Investigation of the effects of sexting on body image // The Journal of Sex Research. V. 56, no. 3. Pp. 337–344, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2018.1438576</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voiskunsky A. E. (2016), “Behavior in a cyberspace: some psychological principles”, Chelovek, no. 1, pp. 36–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ross M. W. (2005) Typing, doing, and being: sexuality and the internet // The Journal of Sex Research. V. 42, no. 4. Pp. 342–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490509552290</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young K. S. (2011), “CBT-IA: The first treatment model to address Internet addiction”, Journal of Cognitive Therapy, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 304–312, https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.25.4.304</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skowron B. (2020). Virtual objects: becoming real // Horizon. V. 9, no. 2. Pp. 619–639. https://doi.org/10.21638/2226-5260-2020-9-2-619-639</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaitseva O. V. (2019), “Somatic code in sexting”, Political Linguistics, vol. 78, no. 6, pp. 171–181, https://doi.org/10.26170/pl19-06-22</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young K. S. (2011) CBT-IA: The first treatment model to address Internet addiction // Journal of Cognitive Therapy. Vol. 25, no. 4. pp. 304–312. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.25.4.304</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zubareva S. S. (2011), “Love in the Net”: a means of avoiding loneliness or an opportunity to escape from reality (a socio-philosophical analysis)”, Proceedings of XLIX International Scientific Student Conference “Student and Scientific and Technological Progress”, Novosibirsk, 16–20 April 2011, Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, pp. 148–152. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
