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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dgisocio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Цифровая социология/Digital Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Digital Sociology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-347X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный университет управления</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26425/2658-347X-2023-6-3-45-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dgisocio-267</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЦИФРОВАЯ СРЕДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Социальные риски интернет-активизма виртуальных сообществ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Social risks of internet activity of virtual communities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-6317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зимова Наталья Сергеевна, Канд. социол. наук, доц. каф. социального конструирования</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya S. Zimova, Cand. Sci. (Sociol.), Assoc. Prof. at the Social Construction Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nzimova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-4848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомин</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomin</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фомин Егор Васильевич, Ст. преп. каф. социологии знания</p><p>г. Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor V. Fomin, Senior Lecturer at the Sociology of Knowledge Department</p><p> Moscow</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fominegor1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зимова Н.С., Фомин Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зимова Н.С., Фомин Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zimova N.S., Fomin E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://digitalsociology.guu.ru/jour/article/view/267">https://digitalsociology.guu.ru/jour/article/view/267</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена рассмотрению феномена интернет-активизма виртуальных сообществ, выявлению их сущности и характеристик, анализу возможных социальных рисков их деятельности. Авторы обосновывают положение, что такие сообщества способны быстро мобилизовать пользователей для скоординированных действий в социальной реальности, реагируя на экономические, социальные, политические, культурные события. Как правило, эта деятельность носит оппозиционный характер по отношению к сложившимся ценностям, социальным институтам и несет социальные риски. Опираясь на подходы Г. Рейнгольда, Н. Байм, Б. Веллмана, авторы предлагают, обосновывают и развивают собственную типологию виртуальных сообществ в ­зависимости от их ­интернет-активности. Акцентировано внимание на активности явно виртуальных (латентно реальных) сообществ, которые оказывают влияние на социальную реальность через протестные перформансы, флешмобы, спам атаки, интернет-акции и т.д. Используя метод кейс-стади, авторы рассматривают сообщества r/wallstreetbets на платформе Reddit и «Мужское государство» В.В. Позднякова в «Телеграм». На основе анализа практик интернет-активизма виртуальных сообществ продемонстрированы риски и угрозы неуправляемых и спонтанных действий с их стороны. В результате отмечена необходимость многомерного анализа виртуальных сообществ со стороны государственных органов, представителей бизнеса, исследовательских научных центров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article studies a phenomenon of Internet activism of virtual communities, identifies their essence and characteristics, and analyzes possible social risks of their activities. The authors substantiate a position that such communities are able to quickly mobilize users for coordinated actions in social reality, responding to economic, social, political, and cultural events. These activities are generally oppositional to established values and social institutions and carry social risks. Based on the approaches of G. Rheingold, N. Baym, and B. Wellman, the authors propose, justify, and develop their own typology of virtual communities depending on their Internet activity. The article focuses on the activity of explicitly virtual (latently real) communities that influence social reality through protest performances, flash mobs, spam attacks, Internet actions, etc. Using the case study method, the authors examine Reddit’s r/wallstreetbets and V.V. Pozdnyakov’s Muzhskoe Gosudarstvo Telegram communities. Based on the analysis of the Internet activism practices of virtual communities, risks and threats of uncontrolled and spontaneous actions on their part have been demonstrated. As a result, need for multidimensional analysis of virtual communities by government agencies, business representatives, and research scientific centers has been noted.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Виртуальные сообщества</kwd><kwd>сетевые сообщества</kwd><kwd>протестные сообщества</kwd><kwd>интернет-активизм</kwd><kwd>социальная реальность</kwd><kwd>социальные сети</kwd><kwd>сетевые атаки</kwd><kwd>социальные риски</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Virtual communities</kwd><kwd>network communities</kwd><kwd>protest communities</kwd><kwd>social reality</kwd><kwd>social networks</kwd><kwd>users</kwd><kwd>network attacks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зимова Н.С., Фомин Е.В., Полянцева Е.Д. Виртуальные сообщества как новые акторы социальной реальности. 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